Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Raghavendra ¹, C. K. Ramesh ², V. Kumar ³, M. H. M. Khan ⁴, B. S. Harish ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot – 587102, IN
2 Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College, Shivamogga – 577 102, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Davangere University (Kuvempu University P.G Center), Shivagangothri, Davangere - 577 002, Karnataka, IN
4 Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering, Shivamogga – 577201, Karnataka, IN
5 Department of Medicinal and Aromatic plants, College of Horticulture Sciences, University of Horticulture Sciences, Bagalkot – 587102, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The genus Mucuna is an important medicinal herb and is extensively used in traditional Indian systems of medicine for various ailments. In vitro culture technique provides an alternative to plant propagation and germplasm conservation. Our aim was to study the biochemical changes occurring during regeneration of shoots (plantlets) from explants of two accessions of Mucuna pruriens, by monitoring the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and changes in levels of some hydrolytic enzymes. A rapid micropropagation system was developed using Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with BAP and IAA combined. In both the accessions, 3.0mg l^-1 6-BAP, in combination with 0.2mg l^-1 IAA, induced shoot buds and shoot elongation; however for multiple-shoot induction, a slightly higher concentration of cytokinin, i.e., 3.5mg l^-1 6-BAP, in combination with 0.2mg l^-1 IAA, was required. Results of the present study confirm an active growth of explants revealed by nitrate assimilation enzymes and hydrolytic enzymes. It is concluded that medium composition, growth regulator combination and culture incubation conditions are all vital in both the accessions of Mucuna pruriens for induction of in vitro plant regeneration.

Keywords

Mucuna, in vitro, Biochemical Changes, Regeneration, Enzymes.

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Sharnabasava ¹, Y. C. Vishwanath ¹, I. N. Nagaral ¹, V. P. Singh ¹, B. S. Harish ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Horticulture, Bagalkot (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at Indian Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Bangalore to study the effect of growth regulation through spacing and pruning on yield and quality of tomato hybrids (Lychopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown under control conditions. The results of present investigation revealed that tomato variety Sun 7611 (V₂) recorded the higher (7.42, 7.90, 4.63 and 1.85) number of flowers per cluster at all the stages of crop growth and differed significantly from Arka Abhijith (V₁). Where in pruning methods single stem (P₁) gave higher (6.74 and 7.09) number of flowers per cluster at 30 and 60 days after transplanting, which were significantly different from P₂ (double stem). Tomato grown on single-stem resulted in higher individual fruit weight (77.04 g) than double stemmed plants. Maximum yield of 2.23 kg/plant and 129.4 tonnes per hectare was recorded in plants having two stemmed plant, and the yield of 1.96 kg per plant and 114.38 tons per hectare was obtained from single-stemmed plants. Plants wider spacing gave the highest fruit weight (79.15 g) followed by medium spacing plants (73.92 g) and the least was recorded in closely spacing plants (69.07 g). Fruit yield per plant was significantly reduced under closer plant spacing (1.8 kg) and increased as spacing were increased.

Keywords

Growth Regulation, Spacing, Pruning, Quality, Tomato Hybrids.

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Sharnabasava ¹, V. P. Singh ¹, I. N. Nagaral ¹, Y. C. Vishwanath ¹, B. S. Harish ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The undercover tomato trial was conducted at Indian Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Bangalore. This study was conducted to determine the response of semi-determinate and indeterminate hybrids of tomato to pruning and spacing grown under cover. The results indicated that the plant height was the highest in closer spacing at 30 (92.58 cm) 60 (135.98 cm), 90 (185.25 cm) days after planting and at final harvest (221.35 cm), whereas maximum leaf area (4045.92 cm² and 5705.73 cm²) was observed in V₂ at both first and last harvest. Maximum dry matter (35.31 to 38.48%) was observed in leaves followed by flowers and fruits stem and ischolar_main at first harvest. Maximum (45.18 to 50.4%) dry matter was observed in flower and fruits followed by stem, leave and ischolar_main at final harvest. Sun 7611 (V₂) recorded the highest biomass accumulation (22.76 g, 77.81 g and 158.37 g) at vegetative phase, first harvest and at final harvest which was significantly different from Arka Abhijith (V₁). Fruit set percentage was higher in Arka Abhijith (59.43%) than Sun 7611 (54.57) more number of flowers formed fruits in single stemmed plants (59.24%) compared to double stemmed plants (54.76%). Among spacing treatments per cent fruit set did not differ significantly. Further fruit yield was significantly higher in P₂ (2.23 kg) than P₁ (1.96 kg). Maximum fruit yield per plant was obtained in S₃ (2.44 kg) followed by S₂ (2.03 kg) and the least was observed in S₁ (1.81 kg) which were significantly different. However, yield per hectare was significantly improved under closer spacing.

Keywords

Semi-Determinate, Indeterminate, Pruning, Spacing.

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B. S. Harish ¹, V. P. Singh ², Y. C. Vishwanath ², H. T. Sakhubai ³, Ganesh N. Bhat ³

Affiliations
1 College of Horticulture, Mysore (Karnataka), IN
2 College of Horticulture, Bagalkot (Karnataka), IN
3 University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Dyanagiri (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.: Geraniaceae) is an important, high value aromatic crop of South African origin. Due to high demand and price for the oil, an excellent potential exists for increasing cultivated area in India. An attempt was made to evaluate and characterize the available accessions of scented geranium based on their physico-chemical properties, chemical composition and odour assessment of the oil. There were seven treatments and four replications. All the accessions possessed light yellow coloured oil except PG-10, which possessed light green colour. The oil from PG-10 showed maximum acid value (3.02). The oil from PG-8 recorded the highest ester value (58.737). The oil form KB and CIMAP possessed maximum citronellol and geraniol content while, linalool was found to be maximum in case of PG-11. PG-10 contained maximum isomanthone (8.50%). The oil from PG-1 recorded the highest citronellyl formate content (15.83%). The essential oil was distilled during August from seven accessions upon GC analysis. The concentrations of isomenthone, citronellyl formate and citronellol were maximum in case of PF-10 (7.74, 23.18 and 37.07%, respectively). The major alcohols i.e., citronellol, geraniol, linalool and nerol were maximum in case of the oils of KB, CIMAP, PG-8 and PG-1 during May. Whereas, during August, PG-10 recorded the maximum nerol and cironellol whereas, PG-12 registered the highest concentration of geraniol and linalool. The rosy odour of different accessions is attributed to the presence of higher levels of geraniol, which is evident in the present case with the accession PG-12, during August. Hence, all the accessions differed significantly in all the parameters.

Keywords

Geranium, Accessions, Physico-Chemical Properties, Chemical Composition, Odour Assessment.

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B. S. Harish ¹, V. P. Singh ², T. Vasant Kumar ³, Y. C. Vishwanath ², H. T. Sakhubai ²

Affiliations
1 College of Horticulture, Mysore (Karnataka), IN
2 College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot (Karnataka), IN
3 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.:Geraniaceae) is an important, high value aromatic crop of South African origin. The oil of geranium is obtained by steam distillation of tender plant parts. More than 120 constituents are identified in the oil. Due to high demand and price for the oil, an excellent potential exists for increasing cultivated area in India. An attempt was made to evaluate and characterize the available accessions of scented geranium based on their morphology and yield attributes. There were seven treatments and four replications. PG-12 recorded maximum plant height (53.45 cm), PG-1 recorded maximum plant spread (6706.43 cm²), PG-12 registered maximum number of leaves (469.20), PG-11 recorded the highest (12.35 mm) stem diameter. Flowering was observed in the accessions PG-1, PG-8, PG-10, KB and CIMAP though the extent varied widely. KB recorded the maximum herb yield per plant, per plot and per hectare (0.69 kg, 13.90 kg and 19.30 t, respectively). PG-8 registered the maximum oil content (0.437%), KB recorded the maximum essential oil (2.07 ml, 41.43 ml and 57.53 1, respectively) per plant, per plot and per hectare oil yield. So, KB and PG-8 were found best among all for their essential oil yield and quality.

Keywords

Geranium, Accessions, Evaluation.

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Vittal Dharmatti ¹, Y. C. Vishwanath ¹, V. P. Singh ¹, Sudheesh Kulkarni ², B. S. Harish ³

Affiliations
1 College of Horticulture, Bagalkot (Karnataka), IN
2 University of Horticulture Science, Bagalkot (Karnataka, IN
3 College of Horticulture, Mysuru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an aromatic spice crop belonging to the family Apiaceae. One of the main reasons for low yield in coriander is due to non availability of region specific genotypes. There are no systematic studies on the performance of different genotypes of coriander for different agro climatic condition. Considering the importance of the crop, the present investigation was taken upto evaluate different coriander genotypes to find out the high yielding genotype and suitable varieties for transitional region of Karnataka. The experiment was conducted at HREC, Devihosur compressing of 21 genotypes with three replications and RCBD design was followed. The varieties exhibited significant differences for all the characters including seed yield in the experiment. DCC-68 recorded the highest seed yield per plant (5.93 g), per plot (290.73 g) and per hectare (15.82 q) and the lowest yield was recorded in DCC-72 (9.60 q).

Keywords

Growth, Seed Yield, Genotypes, Coriander.

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B. S. Harish ¹, V. P. Singh ², K. Umesha ³, Y. C. Vishwanath ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Medicinal sand Aromatic Crops, College of Horticulture (UHS), Mysuru (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, College of Horticulutre, University of Horticulture Science, Bagalkot (Karnataka), IN
3 College of Horticulture (UHS), Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The paper discusses about bio-diversity of medicinal plants, the need to conserve, and ways to conserve including the latest tools and approaches besides conventional ones. A special emphasis has been given in listing the species which needs immediate conservation measures especially in the state of Karnataka. Loss of medicinal plants bio-diversity and its impact has also been highlighted. The efforts and initiatives of the University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka in the direction of medicinal plants bio-diversity conservation is elaborated in detail. The approaches and strategies both research and developmental by keeping the future needs of medicinal plants bio-diversity conservation in mind have been discussed.

Keywords

Conservation, Bio-Diversity, Initiatives, Medicinal Plants.

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C. K. Roopa ¹, B. S. Harish ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, JSS Technical Institution Campus, Mysuru, IN
2 Department of Information Science and Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, IN

Abstract

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is defined as a measure of variation in the electrical activity of the heart and is broadly used in detection and classification of heart-related diseases. The abnormalities present in the heart can be easily analyzed through the variation in electrical signal captured from the heart through impulse waveforms which are generated by certain specialized cardiac tissues. Different authors have developed various clustering models and classification techniques for detecting heart-related diseases. However there still exists a limitation in terms of accuracy. In this article, we proposed a new modified unsupervised clustering algorithm for effective detection of heart diseases. To select the best discriminate feature for effective learning, this article make use of feature selection methods such as principal component analysis, linear discriminative analysis, and regularized locality preserving indexing. The reduced features set are clustered using modified intuitionistic Fuzzy C-means clustering (mifcm) method. The experiment results proved that the proposed method effectively identifies the discriminative features. Further the obtained accuracy is also better when compared to other existing method.

Keywords

Electrocardiogram, Heart Diseases, Feature Selection, Intuitionistic Fuzzy C-Means.

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N. Manju ¹, B. S. Harish ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Science and Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, IN
2 Department of Information Science and Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University, IN

Abstract

Network traffic classification is a core part of the network traffic management. Network management is a critical task since the various new applications are emerging every moment and increase in the number of users of an internet. Due to this problem, there is a need of internet traffic classification for smooth management of an internet by the internet service providers (ISP). Network traffic can be classified based on port, payload and statistical approach. In the proposed work, a novel method to represent internet traffic data based on clustering of feature vector using Multiple Kernel Fuzzy C-Means (MKFCM) is proposed. Further, feature vector of each cluster is used to build an interval valued representation (symbolic) using mean and standard deviation. In addition, this interval valued features are stored in knowledge base as a representative of the cluster. Further, to classify the symbolic interval data, we used symbolic classifier. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, experimentation is conducted on standard Cambridge University internet traffic dataset. Further, the proposed symbolic classifier compared with other existing classifiers such as Naïve Bayes, KNN and SVM classifier. The experiment outcome infers that; the proposed symbolic representation classifier performs better than other classifiers.

Keywords

Internet Traffic, Representation, Symbolic Feature, Classification.

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